std::basic_istream

 

C++

Compiler support

Freestanding and hosted

Language

Standard library headers

Named requirements

Feature test macros (C++20)

Language support library

Concepts library (C++20)

Metaprogramming library (C++11)

Diagnostics library

General utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Iterators library

Ranges library (C++20)

Algorithms library

Numerics library

Localizations library

Input/output library

Filesystem library (C++17)

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Concurrency support library (C++11)

Technical specifications

Symbols index

External libraries

 

Input/output library

I/O manipulators

C-style I/O

Buffers

basic_streambuf

basic_filebuf

basic_stringbuf

basic_spanbuf (C++23)

strstreambuf (deprecated in C++98)

basic_syncbuf (C++20)

Streams

Abstractions

ios_base

basic_ios

basic_istream

basic_ostream

basic_iostream

File I/O

basic_ifstream

basic_ofstream

basic_fstream

String I/O

basic_istringstream

basic_ostringstream

basic_stringstream

Array I/O

basic_ispanstream (C++23)

basic_ospanstream (C++23)

basic_spanstream (C++23)

istrstream (deprecated in C++98)

ostrstream (deprecated in C++98)

strstream (deprecated in C++98)

Synchronized Output

basic_osyncstream (C++20)

Types

streamoff

streamsize

fpos

Error category interface

iostream_category (C++11)

io_errc (C++11)

 

std::basic_istream

Global objects

cinwcin

Member functions

basic_istream::basic_istream

basic_istream::~basic_istream

basic_istream::operator= (C++11)

Formatted input

basic_istream::operator>>

Unformatted input

basic_istream::get

basic_istream::peek

basic_istream::unget

basic_istream::putback

basic_istream::getline

basic_istream::ignore

basic_istream::read

basic_istream::readsome

basic_istream::gcount

Positioning

basic_istream::tellg

basic_istream::seekg

Miscellaneous

basic_istream::sync

basic_istream::swap (C++11)

Member classes

basic_istream::sentry

Non-member functions

operator>>(std::basic_istream)

 

Defined in header <istream>
template<     class CharT,     class Traits = std::char_traits<CharT> > class basic_istream : virtual public std::basic_ios<CharT, Traits>

The class template basic_istream provides support for high level input operations on character streams. The supported operations include formatted input (e.g. integer values or whitespace-separated characters and characters strings) and unformatted input (e.g. raw characters and character arrays). This functionality is implemented in terms of the interface provided by the underlying basic_streambuf class, accessed through the basic_ios base class. The only non-inherited data member of basic_istream, in most implementations, is the value returned by basic_istream::gcount().

Inheritance diagram

Two specializations for common character types are defined:

Defined in header <istream>
Type	Definition
istream	basic_istream<char>
wistream	basic_istream<wchar_t>

Global objects

Two global basic_istream objects are provided by the standard library.

Defined in header <iostream>
cinwcin	reads from the standard C input stream stdin (global object)

Member types

Member type	Definition
char_type	CharT
traits_type	Traits; the program is ill-formed if Traits::char_type is not CharT.
int_type	Traits::int_type
pos_type	Traits::pos_type
off_type	Traits::off_type

Member functions

(constructor)	constructs the object (public member function)
(destructor) [virtual]	destructs the object (virtual public member function)
operator= (C++11)	move-assigns from another basic_istream (protected member function)
Formatted input
operator>>	extracts formatted data (public member function)
Unformatted input
get	extracts characters (public member function)
peek	reads the next character without extracting it (public member function)
unget	unextracts a character (public member function)
putback	puts character into input stream (public member function)
getline	extracts characters until the given character is found (public member function)
ignore	extracts and discards characters until the given character is found (public member function)
read	extracts blocks of characters (public member function)
readsome	extracts already available blocks of characters (public member function)
gcount	returns number of characters extracted by last unformatted input operation (public member function)
Positioning
tellg	returns the input position indicator (public member function)
seekg	sets the input position indicator (public member function)
Miscellaneous
sync	synchronizes with the underlying storage device (public member function)
swap (C++11)	swaps stream objects, except for the associated buffer (protected member function)

Member classes

sentry

implements basic logic for preparation of the stream for input operations (public member class)

Non-member functions

operator>>(std::basic_istream)

extracts characters and character arrays (function template)

Inherited from std::basic_ios

Member types

Member type	Definition
char_type	CharT
traits_type	Traits
int_type	Traits::int_type
pos_type	Traits::pos_type
off_type	Traits::off_type

Member functions

State functions
good	checks if no error has occurred i.e. I/O operations are available (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
eof	checks if end-of-file has been reached (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
fail	checks if an error has occurred (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
bad	checks if a non-recoverable error has occurred (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
operator!	checks if an error has occurred (synonym of fail()) (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
operator void*operator bool (until C++11)(since C++11)	checks if no error has occurred (synonym of !fail()) (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
rdstate	returns state flags (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
setstate	sets state flags (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
clear	modifies state flags (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
Formatting
copyfmt	copies formatting information (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
fill	manages the fill character (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
Miscellaneous
exceptions	manages exception mask (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
imbue	sets the locale (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
rdbuf	manages associated stream buffer (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
tie	manages tied stream (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
narrow	narrows characters (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)
widen	widens characters (public member function of std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)

Inherited from std::ios_base

Member functions

Formatting
flags	manages format flags (public member function of std::ios_base)
setf	sets specific format flag (public member function of std::ios_base)
unsetf	clears specific format flag (public member function of std::ios_base)
precision	manages decimal precision of floating point operations (public member function of std::ios_base)
width	manages field width (public member function of std::ios_base)
Locales
imbue	sets locale (public member function of std::ios_base)
getloc	returns current locale (public member function of std::ios_base)
Internal extensible array
xalloc [static]	returns a program-wide unique integer that is safe to use as index to pword() and iword() (public static member function of std::ios_base)
iword	resizes the private storage if necessary and access to the long element at the given index (public member function of std::ios_base)
pword	resizes the private storage if necessary and access to the void* element at the given index (public member function of std::ios_base)
Miscellaneous
register_callback	registers event callback function (public member function of std::ios_base)
sync_with_stdio [static]	sets whether C++ and C I/O libraries are interoperable (public static member function of std::ios_base)
Member classes
failure	stream exception (public member class of std::ios_base)
Init	initializes standard stream objects (public member class of std::ios_base)

Member types and constants
Type	Explanation
openmode	stream open mode type The following constants are also defined: Constant Explanation app seek to the end of stream before each write binary open in binary mode in open for reading out open for writing trunc discard the contents of the stream when opening ate seek to the end of stream immediately after open (typedef)
fmtflags	formatting flags type The following constants are also defined: Constant Explanation dec use decimal base for integer I/O: see std::dec oct use octal base for integer I/O: see std::oct hex use hexadecimal base for integer I/O: see std::hex basefield dec|oct|hex. Useful for masking operations left left adjustment (adds fill characters to the right): see std::left right right adjustment (adds fill characters to the left): see std::right internal internal adjustment (adds fill characters to the internal designated point): see std::internal adjustfield left|right|internal. Useful for masking operations scientific generate floating point types using scientific notation, or hex notation if combined with fixed: see std::scientific fixed generate floating point types using fixed notation, or hex notation if combined with scientific: see std::fixed floatfield scientific|fixed. Useful for masking operations boolalpha insert and extract bool type in alphanumeric format: see std::boolalpha showbase generate a prefix indicating the numeric base for integer output, require the currency indicator in monetary I/O: see std::showbase showpoint generate a decimal-point character unconditionally for floating-point number output: see std::showpoint showpos generate a + character for non-negative numeric output: see std::showpos skipws skip leading whitespace before certain input operations: see std::skipws unitbuf flush the output after each output operation: see std::unitbuf uppercase replace certain lowercase letters with their uppercase equivalents in certain output operations: see std::uppercase (typedef)
iostate	state of the stream type The following constants are also defined: Constant Explanation goodbit no error badbit irrecoverable stream error failbit input/output operation failed (formatting or extraction error) eofbit associated input sequence has reached end-of-file (typedef)
seekdir	seeking direction type The following constants are also defined: Constant Explanation beg the beginning of a stream end the ending of a stream cur the current position of stream position indicator (typedef)
event	specifies event type (enum)
event_callback	callback function type (typedef)