std::ranges::size

 

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Ranges library

Range access
begin cbegin end cend	rbegin crbegin rend crend	size ssize data cdata	empty
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to (C++23)
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range_size_trange_difference_t range_value_t	range_reference_trange_const_reference_trange_rvalue_reference_t   (C++23)	iterator_tconst_iterator_tsentinel_t (C++23)
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dangling	borrowed_iterator_t	borrowed_subrange_t
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range borrowed_range    sized_range constant_range (C++23)	common_range view viewable_range	input_range output_range forward_range	bidirectional_range random_access_range contiguous_range
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view_interface	subrange
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empty_viewviews::empty iota_viewviews::iota	single_viewviews::single basic_istream_viewviews::istream	repeat_viewviews::repeat (C++23)(C++23)
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ref_view views::all_tviews::all common_viewviews::common owning_view views::counted reverse_viewviews::reverse zip_viewviews::zip (C++23)(C++23) as_const_viewviews::as_const (C++23)(C++23) as_rvalue_viewviews::as_rvalue (C++23)(C++23)	take_viewviews::take take_while_viewviews::take_while drop_viewviews::drop drop_while_viewviews::drop_while zip_transform_viewviews::zip_transform (C++23)(C++23) adjacent_transform_viewviews::adjacent_transform (C++23)(C++23)   cartesian_product_viewviews::cartesian_product (C++23)(C++23)	elements_viewviews::elements keys_viewviews::keys values_viewviews::values transform_viewviews::transform adjacent_viewviews::adjacent (C++23)(C++23) slide_viewviews::slide (C++23)(C++23) stride_viewviews::stride (C++23)(C++23)	filter_viewviews::filter join_viewviews::join split_viewviews::split lazy_split_viewviews::lazy_split join_with_viewviews::join_with (C++23)(C++23) chunk_viewviews::chunk (C++23)(C++23) chunk_by_viewviews::chunk_by (C++23)(C++23)
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Range adaptor closure objects
Helper items
copyable-box	simple-view

 

Defined in header <ranges>
inline namespace /*unspecified*/ {     inline constexpr auto size = /*unspecified*/; }		(since C++20) (customization point object)
Call signature
template< class T >     requires /* see below */ constexpr auto size( T&& t );		(since C++20)

Calculates the number of elements in t in constant time.

Let t be an object of type T. A call to ranges::size is expression-equivalent to:

1. std::extent_v<T>, if T is an array type with a known bound.
2. Otherwise, t.size() converted to its decayed type, if ranges::disable_sized_range<std::remove_cv_t<T>> is false, and the converted expression is valid and has an integer-like type.
3. Otherwise, size(t) converted to its decayed type, if ranges::disable_sized_range<std::remove_cv_t<T>> is false, and the converted expression is valid and has an integer-like type, where the overload resolution is performed with the following candidates:
   • void size(auto&) = delete;
   • void size(const auto&) = delete;
4. Otherwise, /*to-unsigned-like*/(ranges::end(t) - ranges::begin(t)), if T models ranges::forward_range and ranges::sentinel_t<T> models std::sized_sentinel_for<ranges::iterator_t<T>>,

   where /*to-unsigned-like*/ denotes an explicit conversion to an unsigned-integer-like type.

In all other cases, a call to ranges::size is ill-formed, which can result in substitution failure when ranges::size(t) appears in the immediate context of a template instantiation.

Expression-equivalent

Expression e is expression-equivalent to expression f, if

• e and f have the same effects, and
• either both are constant subexpressions or else neither is a constant subexpression, and
• either both are potentially-throwing or else neither is potentially-throwing (i.e. noexcept(e) == noexcept(f)).

Customization point objects

The name ranges::size denotes a customization point object, which is a const function object of a literal semiregular class type. For exposition purposes, the cv-unqualified version of its type is denoted as __size_fn.

All instances of __size_fn are equal. The effects of invoking different instances of type __size_fn on the same arguments are equivalent, regardless of whether the expression denoting the instance is an lvalue or rvalue, and is const-qualified or not (however, a volatile-qualified instance is not required to be invocable). Thus, ranges::size can be copied freely and its copies can be used interchangeably.

Given a set of types Args..., if std::declval<Args>()... meet the requirements for arguments to ranges::size above, __size_fn models

• std::invocable<__size_fn, Args...>,
• std::invocable<const __size_fn, Args...>,
• std::invocable<__size_fn&, Args...>, and
• std::invocable<const __size_fn&, Args...>.
  

Otherwise, no function call operator of __size_fn participates in overload resolution.

Notes

Whenever ranges::size(e) is valid for an expression e, the return type is integer-like.

The C++20 standard requires that if the underlying size function call returns a prvalue, the return value is move-constructed from the materialized temporary object. All implementations directly return the prvalue instead. The requirement is corrected by the post-C++20 proposal P0849R8 to match the implementations.

Example

Run this code

#include <iostream>
#include <ranges>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>
 
int main()
{
    auto v = std::vector<int>{};
    std::cout << "ranges::size(v) == " << std::ranges::size(v) << '\n';
 
    auto il = {7};
    std::cout << "ranges::size(il) == " << std::ranges::size(il) << '\n';
 
    int array[] = {4, 5}; // array has a known bound
    std::cout << "ranges::size(array) == " << std::ranges::size(array) << '\n';
 
    std::cout << std::boolalpha << "is_signed: "
              << std::is_signed_v<decltype(std::ranges::size(v))> << '\n';
}

Output:

ranges::size(v) == 0
ranges::size(il) == 1
ranges::size(array) == 2
is_signed: false

See also

ranges::ssize (C++20)	returns a signed integer equal to the size of a range (customization point object)
ranges::sized_range (C++20)	specifies that a range knows its size in constant time (concept)
sizessize (C++17)(C++20)	returns the size of a container or array (function template)