std::ranges::views::keys, std::ranges::keys_view

 

C++

Compiler support

Freestanding and hosted

Language

Standard library headers

Named requirements

Feature test macros (C++20)

Language support library

Concepts library (C++20)

Metaprogramming library (C++11)

Diagnostics library

General utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Iterators library

Ranges library (C++20)

Algorithms library

Numerics library

Localizations library

Input/output library

Filesystem library (C++17)

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Concurrency support library (C++11)

Technical specifications

Symbols index

External libraries

 

Ranges library

Range access
begin cbegin end cend	rbegin crbegin rend crend	size ssize data cdata	empty
Range conversions
to (C++23)
Range primitives
range_size_trange_difference_t range_value_t	range_reference_trange_const_reference_trange_rvalue_reference_t   (C++23)	iterator_tconst_iterator_tsentinel_t (C++23)
Dangling iterator handling
dangling	borrowed_iterator_t	borrowed_subrange_t
Range concepts
range borrowed_range    sized_range constant_range (C++23)	common_range view viewable_range	input_range output_range forward_range	bidirectional_range random_access_range contiguous_range
Views
view_interface	subrange
Factories
empty_viewviews::empty iota_viewviews::iota	single_viewviews::single basic_istream_viewviews::istream	repeat_viewviews::repeat (C++23)(C++23)
Adaptors
ref_view views::all_tviews::all common_viewviews::common owning_view views::counted reverse_viewviews::reverse zip_viewviews::zip (C++23)(C++23) as_const_viewviews::as_const (C++23)(C++23) as_rvalue_viewviews::as_rvalue (C++23)(C++23)	take_viewviews::take take_while_viewviews::take_while drop_viewviews::drop drop_while_viewviews::drop_while zip_transform_viewviews::zip_transform (C++23)(C++23) adjacent_transform_viewviews::adjacent_transform (C++23)(C++23)   cartesian_product_viewviews::cartesian_product (C++23)(C++23)	elements_viewviews::elements keys_viewviews::keys values_viewviews::values transform_viewviews::transform adjacent_viewviews::adjacent (C++23)(C++23) slide_viewviews::slide (C++23)(C++23) stride_viewviews::stride (C++23)(C++23)	filter_viewviews::filter join_viewviews::join split_viewviews::split lazy_split_viewviews::lazy_split join_with_viewviews::join_with (C++23)(C++23) chunk_viewviews::chunk (C++23)(C++23) chunk_by_viewviews::chunk_by (C++23)(C++23)
Range adaptor objects
Range adaptor closure objects
Helper items
copyable-box	simple-view

 

Defined in header <ranges>
template<class R> using keys_view = ranges::elements_view<R, 0>;	(1)	(since C++20)
namespace views {     inline constexpr auto keys = ranges::elements<0>; }	(2)	(since C++20)

Takes a view of tuple-like values (e.g. std::tuple or std::pair), and produces a view with a value-type of the first element of the adapted view's value-type.

1) An alias for ranges::elements_view<R, 0>.

2) Range adaptor object. The expression views::keys(e) is expression-equivalent to keys_view<views::all_t<decltype((e))>>{e} for any suitable subexpression e.

Expression-equivalent

Expression e is expression-equivalent to expression f, if

• e and f have the same effects, and
• either both are constant subexpressions or else neither is a constant subexpression, and
• either both are potentially-throwing or else neither is potentially-throwing (i.e. noexcept(e) == noexcept(f)).

Notes

keys_view can be useful for extracting keys from associative containers, e.g. for (auto const& key : std::views::keys(map)) { /*...*/ }.

Example

Displays values for each type of quark in particle phyics.

Run this code

#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <ranges>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
 
int main()
{
    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, double>> quark_mass{ // MeV/c²
        {"up", 2.3},      {"down", 4.8},
        {"charm", 1275},  {"strange", 95},
        {"top", 173'210}, {"bottom", 4'180},
    };
 
    std::cout << "quark name:  │ ";
    for (std::string const& name : std::views::keys(quark_mass))
        std::cout << std::setw(9) << name << " │ ";
 
    std::cout << "\n" "mass MeV/c²: │ ";
    for (const double mass : std::views::values(quark_mass))
        std::cout << std::setw(9) << mass << " │ ";
    std::cout << '\n';
}

Output:

quark name:  │        up │      down │     charm │   strange │       top │    bottom │ 
mass MeV/c²: │       2.3 │       4.8 │      1275 │        95 │    173210 │      4180 │

Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR	Applied to	Behavior as published	Correct behavior
LWG 3563	C++20	keys_view is unable to participate in CTAD due to its use of views::all_t	views::all_t removed

See also

ranges::values_viewviews::values (C++20)	takes a view consisting of pair-like values and produces a view of the second elements of each pair (class template) (range adaptor object)
ranges::elements_viewviews::elements (C++20)	takes a view consisting of tuple-like values and a number N and produces a view of N'th element of each tuple (class template) (range adaptor object)
slice	BLAS-like slice of a valarray: starting index, length, stride (class)